基于改进蜂群优化的导热系数的电主轴热变形预测研究

Thermal Deformation Prediction of Motorized Spindle Based on Thermal Conductivity Coefficient Optimized by Improved Artificial Bee Colony

电主轴产生的热误差是引起机床热误差的关键因素,严重制约机床加工精度。精确预测热变形,可以提高机床加工水平。作为热分析边界条件中关键参数的导热系数,反映固体间传热性能,影响温度场、热变形位移场的精确性。本文以100MD60Y4型号电主轴为研究对象,研究导热系数影响因素,提出基于改进蜂群算法的电主轴导热系数优化算法。实验结果表明,该算法可以得到更精确的导热系数。与经验值相比,主轴前、后轴承处温度计算最大误差、平均误差分别提高大约3.69℃、2.97℃,3.02℃、2.94℃;主轴三个方向热变形量计算最大误差、平均误差分别提高约0.31μm、3.97μm、13μm,0.243μm、1.056μm、8.87μm。

The thermal error produced by motorized spindle is the key factor that causes the thermal error of the ma- chine tool, which seriously restricts the machining accuracy of machine tools. Accurate prediction of thermal deforma- tion can improve the machining level of machine tools. As the key parameter in thermal analysis boundary Condition, the thermal conductivity coefficient affects the accuracy of temperature field and thermal deformation displacement field. Taking 100MD60Y4 motorized spindle as the object of study, the influence factors are studied, and the opti- mization algorithm of thermal conductivity coefficient of motorized spindle is put forward based on improved artificial bee colony. The experimental results show that, more accurate thermal conductivity can be obtained based on the method proposed. Compared with the empirical value, the maximum error and the average error of the front and the rear beating of the spindle are respectively increased by about 3.69℃, 2.97℃, 3.02℃ and 2.94℃; thermal deformations of the spindle arerespectivelyinereasedbyabout 0.31μm、3.97μm、13μm,0.243μm、1.056μm、8.87μm.