指导前臂截肢者康复训练的单自由度肌电假手与真肢对比分析

Comparison of single degree of freedom myoelectric hand with true limb for guidance of amputee rehabilitation

[目的]旨在通过对比分析单自由度肌电手与前臂真肢力学差异性,从而为前臂截肢患者康复训练提供指导。[方法]选取本院2015年1月~2016年1月收治的上肢前臂截肢患者30例作为研究对象,设为假肢组,同期选取30名健康志愿者作为对照组,两组对象分别接受重物提拉试验、握力试验和拇指夹持试验。[结果]两组静态提拉重物掉落时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),假肢组静态提拉重物力量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),动态提拉重物试验结果中,假肢组各重物提拉时间显著低于对照组(P<0.05),假肢组各直径柱状物握力均显著小于对照组(P<0.05),假肢组1元硬币、玻璃球和铅笔夹持力均显著小于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]单自由度肌电手承重性强于前臂真肢,而灵活性和指尖用力精准性明显劣于真肢,基于结果需要在患者使用过程中给予相应的指导。

[Objective] To provide guidance for rehabilitation training of forearm amputee by comparing single degree of freedom myoelectric hand （EMG） with true limb; [Methods] Thirty forearm amputees admitted into out hospital during January 2015 and January 2016 were selected as the prosthetic group, while 30 healthy volunteers were selected as control group. Heavy pulling test, grip strength test and thumb grasping test were conducted and statistically compared between the two groups. [Results] The lifting time in static heavy pulling test showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups （P〉 0.05） , whereas the pulling strength in the prosthetic group was significantly higher than the control group （P〈0.05） . In the dynamic heavy pulling test, the lifting time of the prosthetic group was significantly lower than the control group （P〈0.05） . The grip strength of column object in the prosthetic group was significantly lower than that of the control group （P〈0.05） . Additionally, the grasp strengths of coins, glass balls and pencil in the prosthetic group were also significantly lower than those of the control group （P〈0.05） . [Conclusion] Single degree of freedom EMG hand can bear stronger force than the real limb, however, the flexibility and accuracy of fingertip force are significantly inferior to the real limb. Proper guidance to the rehabilitation of forearm amputee is therefore still needed.