习近平精准扶贫思想的实践深化研究

The Thoughts of Precision-Targeted Poverty Alleviation:A Study of its Deepening through Practice

精准扶贫思想是一个行动理论,其提出有实践和理论渊源,目标是到2020年现行标准下贫困人口全部脱贫。精准扶贫思想由精准扶贫、精准脱贫、脱贫攻坚以及"绣花功夫"四个方面组成,在付诸实践时开展了大量创新,致力于克服识别不准、到户困难、机制不顺等问题。经过3年多发展,精准扶贫实践呈现出八个方面的鲜明特征。同时,这个精准扶贫体系仍然在发展完善,本文对仍然存在的问题从五个方面进行了总结。最后,本文提出了单一标准统一识别、划分脱贫和兜底机制、树立贫困户脱贫责任主体意识、完善基层脱贫责任制、赋予基层扶贫主体更大权限、打造真正扶贫大数据云平台等六个方面的建议以使精准扶贫思想在实践中得到进一步深化。

The thoughts of Precision-Targeted Poverty Alleviation are an action theory, which has practical and theoretical backgrounds, with the goal of lifting all poor population out of poverty by 2020 based on the current poverty line standard. The core contents of such thoughts include precision-targeted poverty alleviation, precision-targeted poverty reduction, campaign of poverty reduction, and ＂skills of ernbmidery＂ in poverty alleviation. A lot of innovative initiatives have been conducted, with the purpose of overcoming problems with identification, directing measures to the poor households, and incomplete systems and mechanisms. After more than three years of exploration, the current practice of precision-targeted poverty alleviation has revealed obvious characteristics in eight aspects. Meanwhile, there are many shortcomings, which are summarized in five aspects. Suggestions on improving the thoughts of Precision-Targeted Poverty Alleviation are provided in six aspects, including identification with uniform poverty criteria, differentiation in the mechanisms between poverty alleviation and poverty reduction, an increase in awareness of being liability subjects in poverty reduction for the poor population, improvement of liability systems at the grassroots level, higher authorization of the main bodies in poverty alleviation at the grassroots level, and enhancement of big data and cloud computing to the poverty registration system.