茶活性成分对几种植物致死型病原真菌的抑制效果分析

Analysis of Inhibitory Effect of Tea Active Components on Several Plant Lethal Pathogenic Fungi

已有研究表明茶叶对细菌和有些真菌有显著抑制作用。为探讨茶的活性物质对几种植物致死型病原真菌的抑制效果,我们购买了两种重要的茶活性物质茶皂素和绿茶提取物茶多酚,测试它们对核盘菌、镰刀菌和灰霉菌的抑菌效果。结果表明,茶皂素对3种植物致死型病原真菌的抑制效果与浓度成正比关系。绿茶提取物茶多酚对灰霉菌有明显抑制效果,但对核盘菌1980和镰刀菌PH-1仅在浓度为100 mg/m L,液体体积为100μL时有抑菌效果。同时还发现不同品种的茶叶乙醇浸提时间不同,对几种病原真菌的抑制效果不同。红茶、绿茶和乌龙茶浸提4 h、8 h、16 h的乙醇提取液对核盘菌1980都有抑制效果;8 h红茶、绿茶浸提液和16 h红茶浸提液对镰刀菌PH-1有明显抑菌效果。该研究结果为进一步在控制植物致死型病原真菌病害方面开发利用茶活性物质提供了理论依据。

It has been studied that the tea leaves have a significant inhibitory effect on bacteria and some fungi.In order to study the inhibitory effect of tea active components on several kinds of plant lethal pathogenic fungi,the two important components,tea saponin and tea-polyphenol extracted from green tea were bought and were tested their inhibitory activity against three types of plant lethal pathogenic fungi,such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 1980,Fusarium graminearum PH-1 and Botrytis cinerea.The results showed that inhibitory activity of teasaponin against three plant lethal pathogenic fungi was proportional to the concentration.Tea-polyphenol had an obvious effect on B.cinerea,but inhibited the growth of S.sclerotiorum 1980 and F.graminearum PH-1 only at the concentration of100 mg/m L and liquid volume of 100 μL.We also found that the tea＇s varieties and extraction time affected the inhibitory activity against plant lethal pathogenic fungi.The ethonal extraction for 4 h,8 h and 16 h from black tea,green tea and oolong tea had inhibitory effect on S.sclerotiorum 1980.The ethonal extraction for 8 h from black tea,green tea and for 16 h from black tea had obvious inhibitory effect on F.graminearum PH-1.These results could provide a basis for utilization of tea active components on controlling plant fungal disease.