全面认识加入WTO十五年来中国高等教育的全球化环境

A Comprehensive Understanding of the Globalization Environment of China's Higher Education Since the Accession to the WTO

经济全球化环境与走向对我国高等教育资源配置转型至关重要。我国加入世贸组织的十五年为做大做强高等教育奠定了基础。期间中国高等教育最丰厚的收益有三条:一是为中国参与下一步全球化转型竞争、实施国家创新驱动发展战略储备了宏大的高端生力军;二是参与角逐全球一流大学竞争为国家实施对外全球战略服务;三是现代大学制度建设正在朝着有利于政府、市场、学术三种力量互为制衡的资源配置转型。加入WTO作为"第二次改革开放"的本质是面对全球市场经济的一次制度改革红利,其成果是习得全球制度规则与建立共识规则。站在逆全球化压力与共建全球经济治理的转折点上,高等教育结构调整要瞄准中国适应全球化转型的经济发展动力转换与方式转变,要建立全球视野配置优质质量机制,要为国际社会提供更多公共产品或共享产品。

The environment and direction of economic globalization are crucial to transformation of resource allocation in China＇s higher education. The 15 years of China＇s accession to the WTO, has achieved the fastest rate of development and lays a foundation for the strengthening and amplification of higher education. During 15 years, China＇s higher education has yielded three most significant benefits： （1） Higher education has produced massive, high-end human resources to prepare China for the upcoming competition in transformation of globalization and for the implementation of its national innovation-driven development strategy; （2） Participation of China＇s higher education in the competition for the world＇s first class universities serves the nation＇ s foreign global strategy; （3） Construction of the modern university system in China is undergoing transformation toward resource allocation that allows government, market, and academic to mutually interact. The essence of the accession to the WTO, as ＇the second reforming and opening up＇, is the dividends yielded from the system reform in response to global market economy, and its outcome is the acquisition of global institutional rules and development of protocols. At the turning point of the pressure of de-globalization and co-construction of global economic governance, modification of the structure of higher education needs to target on transformation of driving force and pattern of economic development that is adapted to transformation of globalization. It is needed for establishment of a mechanism of allocation of quality resources with a global vision and provision of more public or sharable products for the international community.