摘要
PM2.5粒径小,表面积大,易吸附空气中的有毒、有害物质;质量轻,流动性大,降速低,易长时间漂浮于大气中,可随人体呼吸运动进入肺泡甚至血液循环,已成为严重威胁人类心肺健康的主要污染物。PM2.5主要通过氧化应激、免疫失调、炎症反应、钙离子稳态失调等多种机制导致严重的呼吸道和肺部损伤,同时也可通过气血屏障进入血液系统致严重的全身炎症反应和心血管系统损伤。各种心肺疾病的发病率、住院率及病死率的增加均与PM2.5存在相关性。但目前还没有很好的办法减少或消除这些危害,未来还需更多的实验研究进一步证实这些危害的机制,并针对其危害机制制订有效的预防措施和治疗方案。
Because the small particle size,large surface area,particulate matter 2. 5（ PM2. 5） is adsorbent to the poisonous and harmful substances in the air,and featured with small weight,large liquidity and low speeding down,it can float easily in the atmosphere for a long time and get into the alveolar and even blood circulation,and has become a major pollutant seriously threatening the health of the heart and lung. It leads to serious respiratory tract and lung injury mainly through oxidative stress,immune disorders,inflammation,calcium homeostasis disorders and other possible mechanisms,and at the same time,it can get cross the blood-brain barrier into the blood system,which causes severe systemic inflammatory response and damage of the cardiovascular system. The growth of hospitalization rate and mortality of various heart and lung diseases are related to PM2. 5. But till now there is no effective method to eliminate or reduce these hazards. In the future,it still needs more experimental research to confirm these mechanisms and hazards,and identify effective preventive measures and disease treatment programs aimed at the mechanisms.
出处
《医学综述》
2017年第19期3817-3821,共5页
Medical Recapitulate
基金
大学生创新创业项目(201612121272)
