鼓膜穿孔的大小、部位与听力下降的关系

Relationship between the Size and Site of the Tympanic Membrane Perforation and Hearing Loss

鼓膜穿孔是临床中的常见疾病,其主要临床表现为听力下降。目前对鼓膜穿孔和听力下降关系的研究主要集中在鼓膜穿孔的大小和部位两个方面。但至今鼓膜穿孔大小的测定方法及分型和鼓膜穿孔部位的界定分类均无统一标准,其与听力下降之间的关系也尚未形成一致的观点。同时又有新的观点,如中耳容积和乳突气化程度对鼓膜穿孔引起的听力下降有影响。探究总结其之间的具体关系以便临床医师判断患者除鼓膜穿孔外是否还具有其他中耳疾病以及为患者制订最佳治疗方案以提高生活质量。

Tympanic membrane perforation is a common disease in clinical,and its main clinical manifestation is hearing loss. At present,the research on the relationship between tympanic membrane perforation and hearing loss mainly focuses on two aspects： the size and the location of tympanic membrane perforation. However,there is no uniform standard for the measurement and classification of the size and the location of tympanic membrane perforation,and no consensus view is formed with regards to the relationship between them. There are also new ideas,such as the volume of the middle ear and the degree of mastoid gasification affecting the hearing loss caused by tympanic membrane perforation. Exploring and summarizing the specific relationship between them so that clinicians can determine whether patients have other middle ear diseases besides tympanic membrane perforation,and make the best treatment plan for the patients to improve the quality of life.