城乡结合部留守儿童心理健康状况研究

Study on the status about left-behind children's mental health in rural-urban fringe zone

目的探讨城乡结合部留守儿童心理健康状况。方法采用随机抽样的方法对聊城市东昌府区三所小学3~6年级的700名学生进行问卷调查。结果留守儿童心理健康问题检出率明显高于非留守儿童;不同年级的留守儿童心理健康状况无差异(P>0.05);留守女童与留守男童相比,除孤独倾向和过敏倾向外均存在差异(P<0.05);与父母见面时间间隔<6个月的留守儿童和与父母见面时间间隔>6个月留守儿童在对人焦虑、孤独倾向、自责倾向方面存在差异(P<0.05)。父母亲及监护人文化程度越高,留守儿童心理健康状况越好。结论城乡结合部留守儿童心理健康状况与留守儿童的性别、与父母见面时间、父母亲及监护人文化程度有关。

Objective To study the status about left -behind children＇s mental health in rural -urban fringe zone. Methods Seven hundreds of students from three elementary schools （grades from 3 to 6） in Liaocheng, Dongchangfu District were selected to do the questionnaire survey by random sampling method. Results The detection rate of left -behind children＇s mental health problems is apparently higher than the non -left -behind children. The status of left -behind children＇s mental health in different grades has no difference （P〉0.05）. There were significant differences between the left-behind boys and left-behind girls, except the tendency of solitude and sensitivity （P〈0.05）. The differences in anxiety, loneliness, and self-accusation exist in the children who haven＇t seen their parents for more than 6 months compared with the children who haven＇t seen their parents for less than 6 months （P〈0.05）. The higher education levels the parents or guardians have, and the better left-behind children＇s mental health will be. Conclusion The status of mental health about left-behind children are related to the children＇s genders, the gathering time with their parents, and educational levels of their parents and guardians.