大学生健康素养与应用移动终端获取健康知识的关系

Relationship of health literacy status with acquiring health knowledge through the mobile terminal among college students

目的了解大学生健康素养现状及其与应用移动终端获取健康知识的关系,为数字化健康传播环境下大学生健康教育策略的制定提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取南京市部分高校的1 949名学生,对健康素养水平及应用移动终端获取健康知识的情况进行现场横断面调查。结果大学生高健康素养者占31.3%,边际健康素养者占48.9%,低健康素养者占19.8%;不同性别、专业、年级、父母文化程度、选修健康教育课程及参加与健康相关社会实践的大学生健康素养等级构成差异有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为76.893,82.697,21.154,13.377,13.678,33.856,51.819,P值均<0.05)。高健康素养大学生中对健康知识有迫切需求的比例高于边际和低健康素养大学生。高健康素养大学生应用移动终端获取健康知识的比例高于边际和低健康素养学生,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论大学生整体健康素养处于边际水平,高健康素养大学生较边际和低健康素养大学生更多地应用移动终端来获取健康知识。通过移动终端新媒体平台开展健康教育是值得探索的高校健康教育新途径。

Objective To understand health literacy status, influencing factors and health education demand based on the Mobile Terminal among college students,and provide a reference for implementing the health education for university students in the Mobile Internet health communication environment. Methods The status of health literacy and acquiring health knowledge through the Mobile Terminal of college students were conducted among 1 949 college students chosen using the multistage cluster sampling method. Results The proportions of high, marginal and low health literacy level were 31.3%, 48.9% and 19.8%. There was significant difference in proportion of health literacy level between different gender groups,majors,grades, education categories of parents, whether to take health education courses or health related social practices（ χ~2= 76. 893, 82. 697, 21. 154, 13. 377, 13. 678,33.856,51.819,P〈0.05）. The higher the health literacy of the students, the higher the proportions of strong need for health knowledge and acquiring health knowledge through Mobile Terminal were found. The difference was statistically significant（ P 〈0. 05）.Conclusion The health literacy of students is at the marginal level. Students with high health literacy far more frequently acquire health knowledge through utilizing Mobile Terminal than those with marginal and low health literacy. Health education for college students being implemented on the new media platform through the Mobile Terminal is worth studying.