海兔素对高铁暴露大鼠脂质代谢和肠黏膜损伤的保护作用

Protective effects of Aplysin on lipid metabolism and intestinal mucosal damage of rats exposed by excessive iron

目的探讨海兔素(Aplysin)对高铁暴露大鼠脂质代谢和肠黏膜损伤的保护作用。方法 48只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为4组,正常对照组(基础饲料,铁含量50mg/kg)、模型组(高铁饲料,铁含量1 000mg/kg)、海兔素对照组(基础饲料+海兔素灌胃150mg/kg)、海兔素+高铁组(高铁饲料+海兔素灌胃150mg/kg),实验周期为12周。HE染色观察小肠组织形态结构;测定血清铁、肝组织铁、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、二胺氧化酶(DAO)、D-乳酸(D-LA)、肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABP2)等含量;荧光实时定量PCR检测各组大鼠粪便中典型菌群数量。结果模型组大鼠肠绒毛和腺体均明显受损,大量黏膜上皮细胞脱落,肠绒毛出血、水肿,长期海兔素干预后得到显著改善。海兔素+高铁组大鼠血清铁、肝组织铁含量分别为(30.77±2.57)μmol·L-1、(24.31±1.55)μg·g-1,较模型组显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,海兔素+高铁组大鼠血清TG、LDL-C水平显著降低,血浆D-LA、FABP2水平显著降低,粪便大肠杆菌数量显著降低,双歧杆菌和柔嫩梭菌数量显著升高(P<0.05)。而海兔素对照组大鼠所测各指标与正常对照组均无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论海兔素对高铁暴露所致大鼠脂质代谢紊乱和小肠黏膜损伤具有良好的调节和保护作用。

Objective To investigate the effect of Aplysin on lipid metabolism and intestinal mucosal dam- age of rats exposed by excessive iron. Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following four groups： control group, received basic diet; model group, received diet containing Fe2＋ 1 000 mg/kg; Aplysin group, administered daily Aplysin dose of 150 mg （kg-1 · bw-1 · d-l）; Aplysin ＋ iron group, received diet containing Fe2＋ 1 000 mg/kg and administered daily Aplysin dose of 150 mg ·（kg 1 , bw 1 · d-1 ）. The experiment lasted for twelve weeks. The histopathology of small intestine was observed after hematoxyliweosin （HE） staining. Serum and liver iron concentration, total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG）, low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, diamine oxidese （DAO）, D-lactate （D-LA）, fatty acid binding protein （FABP2） were detected. The real-time quantita- tive PCR method was utilized to determine the numbers of typical bacteria. Results As HE staining indi- cated, after rats were exposed by iron in a long-term time, intestinal villus and glands were damaged significantly, a large number of mucosal epithelial cell falls off, mucosal epithelium and lamina propria separation, intestinal villus hemorrhage, edema. However, the pathological injuries were improved with the intervention of Aplysin. Serum iron and liver iron concentrations of Aplysin -I- iron group were （30. 77±2. 57）μmol · L-1 and（24.31±1.55）μg · g^-1, respectively. They were decreased signifi- cantly compared with model group （P〈0.05）. Compared with model group, the levels of TG and LDL- C were decreased significantly, the levels of D-LA and FABP2 were decreased significantly, the amount of Escherichia coil was reduced significantly, the amounts of Bifidobacterium and Clostridium tender were all elevated significantly in the Aplysin＋iron group （P〈0. 05）. Moreover, there was no signifi- cant difference between control group and Aplysin group in all these indicators （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Aplysin exhibited regulative and protective effect on lipid metabolism disorder and intestinal mucosal damage induced by excessive iron exposure in rats.