对流层臭氧影响植被研究进展:观测、参数化方案及应用

The Research Progress in Impacts of Tropospheric Ozone on Vegetation: Observations, Parameterization, and Application

对流层臭氧(O_3)作为最重要的大气污染物之一,对植物的形态特征和生理生化指标有着重要影响;并通过作用于陆面植被间接改变全球和区域的碳循环以及气候和环境。本文系统地回顾了对流层臭氧影响陆面植被的观测事实,主要包括其对光合作用、气孔导度、叶面积、生物量、产量等方面的影响;归纳和分析了常用的O_3暴露指数(ozone exposure index)和O_3影响植被的参数化方案的优缺点;并介绍这些参数化方案应用于生态模式和地球系统模式,模拟O_3通过作用于陆面植被对碳、水、能量通量和状态的影响。最后探讨了O_3影响植被在观测、参数化方案及其模拟应用方面亟需解决的问题以及未来发展方向。

As one of the most important air pollutants, tropospheric ozone（O3） has great impacts on morphological characteristics and physiology and biochemistry of plants, and thus further changes global and regional carbon cycle, climate and environmental conditions. In the present study, the authors first systematically review the previous studies of site-level observations concerning the impact of O3 on vegetation, including photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, leaf area, and yield or biomass. Advantages and disadvantages of existing ozone exposure indices and parameterization schemes are then analyzed. In addition, the authors introduce the use of these parameterization schemes in global dynamic vegetation models and earth system models, and their application in quantifying the O3 impact in the Earth system. Finally, the authors discuss the problems in the existing studies and provide suggestions for further development.