中国林业经济效率:格局、动因与优化

Forestry Economic Efficiency in China: pattern, motivation and optimization

使用超效率SBM模型,测算了2013—2015年中国31个省份林业经济效率变动状况。研究发现:中国林业经济效率总体上比较低,林业资源的配置有待进一步优化。中国林业经济效率总体上呈现出"东部高、西部居中、中部最低"的空间格局。中国林业经济效率不高主要动因在于规模效率较低。对于高效率省份来说,林业经济效率比较高的主要动因在于纯技术效率较高。对于低效率省份来说,林业经济效率较低的动因分为三种。低效省份林业投入产出优化模式分为六类:产出增加型、劳动力缩减—产出增加型、土地缩减—产出增加型、投资缩减—产出增加型、劳动力和投资双缩减—产出增加型、劳动力和土地双缩减—产出增加型。

This paper uses the super efficiency SBM model to calculate the forestry economicefficiency of 31 provinces in China during 2013—2015. The result shows that the forestry economicefficiency in China is relatively low, and the allocation of forestry resources needs to be further optimized. The overall forestry economicefficiency in China shows the spatial pattern of ＂high in the East, centered in the West and lowest in the central region＂. The main reason for the low forestry economicefficiency in China is the low scale efficiency. For efficient provinces, the main reason for the high economicefficiency of forestry is that pure technical efficiency is higher. For inefficient provinces, there are three reasons for the low economicefficiency of forestry. Input-output optimization model offorestryin inefficient provincesare divided into six categories： output-increasingtype, labor reducing-output increasingtype, land reducing-output increasingtype, investment reducing-output increasingtype, labor and investment double reducing-output increasingtype, labor and land double reducing-output increasing type.