基于联盟区块链的智能电网数据安全存储与共享系统

Secure data storage and sharing system based on consortium blockchain in smart grid

智能电网为了实现电网可靠、安全、高效地运行,需要广泛部署无线传感网络(WSN)监控电网状态,并及时对电网异常情况进行处理。在现有的智能电网中,WSN的感知数据需要上传到可信的中心节点进行存储与共享,但是这种中心化的存储方式容易引起中心节点遭受恶意攻击而发生单点失效、数据被故意篡改等信息安全问题。针对这些信息安全问题,利用新兴的联盟区块链技术在智能电网中选定若干数据采集基站,组成智能电网数据存储联盟链(DSCB)系统。DSCB中节点间数据共享通过智能合约的方式来完成,数据拥有者设定数据共享的约束条件,使用计算机语言代替法律条款来规范数据访问者行为,从而实现以去中心化的方式集体维护一个安全可靠的数据存储数据库。安全分析表明所提数据存储联盟链系统能实现安全、有效的数据存储与共享。

In order to realize the reliable, safe and efficient power grids, Wireless Sensor Networks （WSNs） are widely deployed in smart grids to monitor power grids and deal with emergencies of power grids in time. In the existing smart grids, sensing data of the WSNs are needed to be uploaded to a trusted central node for storage and sharing. However, this central way suffers from many security problems including single point failure and data tampering. To address these security problems, an emerging technology named consortium blockchain was exploited to form a Data Storage Consortium Blockchain （ DSCB）, which consists of pre-selected data collection base stations in the smart grid. In DSCB, data sharing was accomplished by smart contracts. The constraints about data sharing were set by data owners, and computer language was used to replace the legal terms to regulate data visitors, thus achieving a decentralized, safe and reliable data storage database. Security analysis shows that DSCB can achieve safe and effective data storage and sharing.