新建本科高校向应用型转变的方向与路径

Direction and Route of Application-oriented Transformation of Newly-built Undergraduate Colleges and Universities

新建本科高校向应用型转变是中国高等教育健康发展和大众化实现的应有之义和必然要求。以学术性和市场性为两个坐标建立二维的高校办学定位模型,来描述新建本科高校的办学定位。新建本科高校向应用型转变,既要对接需求,又要提升内涵,同时提升高校的市场性和学术性。在实施路径上,应该优先提升市场性,解决与需求对接的问题,在此基础上积极创造条件提高学术水平。新建本科高校的基层学术组织要实现由专业实体向学科实体的转变,对专业和学科的评价要实现由学科导向向需求导向的转变。

The application-oriented transformation of newly-established colleges and universities is the essential and inevitable requirement for the healthy development and popularization of China＇s higher education. A two-dimensional model is developed to describe the orientation of higher institutions, in which marketability and academic level are taken to specify the orientation of higher institutions. The application-oriented transformation of newly-established colleges and universities needs to not only consider the social demands and enhance the connotation, but also promote marketability and academic level of colleges and universities. In practice, we should give priority to the improvement of marketability to match the supply of higher institutions with social demands, on this basis to actively create conditions to increase the academic level of the colleges and universities. The newly-built undergraduate colleges and universities should also transform their grassroots academic organizations from professional entities to disciplinary entities and change their professional and disciplinary evaluation from the subject-oriented to the demand-oriented.