635例上肢软组织肿物的回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of upper limb soft tissue tumor in 635 cases

目的了解上肢软组织肿物的发病特点，探讨相关因素对肿物良恶性的影响。方法对2013年1月至2015年12月我科所有上肢软组织肿物病例进行资料收集，对发病特点和良恶性的相关影响因素进行统计学分析。结果共回顾性分析635例上肢软组织肿物，良性为主。良眭肿物中发生例数较多的病理类型依次为腱鞘囊肿、血管瘤、表皮样囊肿、脂肪瘤和腱鞘巨细胞瘤。腱鞘囊肿、脂肪瘤和腱鞘巨细胞瘤发病率女性高于男性，而表皮样囊肿发病率男性高于女性。发病平均年龄均集中在40-60岁年龄段。脂肪瘤较其他肿物大。腱鞘囊肿多发于腕部，脂肪瘤多发于前臂，血管瘤、表皮样囊肿和腱鞘巨细胞瘤均多发于指部。性别、年龄及肿物大小、部位均对肿物的良恶性有影响。结论上肢软组织肿物以良性为主，结合发病特征有助于诊断。老年男性前臂体积较大的软组织肿物恶性可能大。

Objective To study the characteristics of soft tissue tumor of upper extremity and explore the influences of related factors on benign and malignant tumors. Methods The clinical data of all the cases with upper extremity soft tissue tumors were collected and analyzed retrospectively from January 2013 to December 2015. Statistical analysis was performed on the characteristics of the disease and the related factors on benign and malignant tumors. Results A total of 635 cases of upper extremity soft tissue tumors were retrospectively analyzed, most of which were benign. The pathological types of benign tumors were as follows： ganglion cyst, hemangioma, epidermoid cyst, lipoma and giant cell tumor of tendon sheath. The incidence rate of ganglion cyst, lipoma and giant cell tumor of tendon sheath was higher in female, while epidermoid cyst was higher in male. The average age of onset was concentrated in 40 to 60 years of age. Lipoma is bigger than other tumors. Ganglion cysts occur more frequently in the wrist, lipoma in the forearm, hemangioma, epidermoid cyst and giant cell tumor of tendon sheath in the fingers. Gender, age, size and location of the tumor affected whether it was benign or malignant. Conclusion Most of the soft tissue tumors in upper extremity were benign. Considering the characteristics of the disease is help to diagnosis. Large soft tissue tumors in the forearm of elder men were probably malignant.