广西少数民族农村地区肠道寄生虫感染因素的多水平多因素模型分析

Analysis on factors influencing the infection status of human intestinal parasites among the ethnic minorities living in the rural areas in Guangxi Province by multi-level and multi-factor model

目的探讨广西少数民族农村地区肠道寄生虫感染的影响因素。方法采用自制问卷进行横断面入户调查,收集资料和居民粪便标本;用改良加藤厚涂片法检查寄生虫卵;采用多水平多因素Logistic回归模型分析人口学特征、饮食和生活卫生习惯、家庭水平因素以及自然村水平因素对广西少数民族地区肠道寄生虫感染情况的影响。结果多水平多因素Logistic回归模型显示:性别、受教育年限、个人饮食与生活卫生习惯、家庭人均年收入、家庭是否存在人畜混居现象、家庭是否有厕所与卫生橱柜等变量与肠道寄生虫感染有统计学关联(均有P<0.05)。控制个人和家庭水平因素后,自然村的自来水供应情况、公共厕所有无和环境卫生状况等社区环境水平变量均对肠道寄生虫感染具有独立效应(均有P<0.05)。结论受教育程度较高和具有良好个人饮食与生活卫生习惯者肠道寄生虫感染机会较低,家庭经济条件好、拥有自家厕所和卫生橱柜均可降低肠道寄生虫的感染。自然村供应自来水、建有公共厕所和改善自然村环境卫生状况等社区社会经济环境因素也能降低肠道寄生虫感染。

Objective To investigate the factors influencing the infection status of human intestinal parasites among the ethnic minorities living in the rural areas in Guangxi Province.Methods A cross-sectional household survey was conducted by a self-designed questionnaire,pecies of instestinal parasites were detemined using Kato＇s thick smear method,multi-level and multi-factor model analysis was used to investigate the effect of demographic characteristics,eating habits,life habits,family level factors and village level factors on infection status of human intestinal parasites.Results It was showed that the factors influencing human intestinal parasites infection among the ethnic minorities living in the rural areas in Guangxi province included sex,years of education,personal eating habits,personal hygiene habits,annual per capital income,status of human and animal cohousing,status of having the family toilets and status of having family hygienic cabinet for food,etc.（all P 〈 0.05）.After controlling for individual and family characteristics by multilevel model,the community contextual variables in the natural village level such as the status of the village with the pipeline water supply public toilets,and village environmental hygiene condition were also associated independently with the intestinal parasitic infection （all P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions The residents with higher level of education,healthy personal eating habits and life habits have the lower rate of intestinal parasitic infection.The households having the higher economic incomes,personal toilets and family hygienic cabinet for food also have the lower risk of the infection of intestinal parasites.Social and economic environmental variables in the village level such as the status of the pipeline water supply,public restrooms and improved community hygiene environment have independently impacted on the infection of intestinal parasitic.