基于微流控芯片的核酸检测技术

Nucleic Acid Detection Techniques Based on Microfluidic Chip

核酸检测,作为一种分子诊断技术,包括核酸提取、扩增和检测,对微生物分析、医学诊断、及时就医等起着根本性的作用。目前核酸检测存在工作量大、成本高、而且耗时长等问题,显著影响了其在诊断中的应用。微流控芯片技术以及侧向流层析试纸条,具有制作成本低、设备小型化、分析速度快、灵敏度高等特点,且结果可传送给最终用户,在医疗诊断中具有巨大的发展潜力。鉴于前人的相关研究成果,本文首先介绍了微流控技术在核酸检测中的意义,其次介绍了以微流控芯片为平台的核酸提取技术、扩增技术,以及核酸检测技术,在文章最后展望了将核酸的提取、扩增、检测技术集成到一个微装置中的可行性。

As a molecular diagnostic technology, nucleic acid detection includes nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and detection. It plays a fundamental role in the field of microbial analysis, medical diagnosis, and timely medical treatment. At present, nucleic acid detection has the problems of large workload, high cost, huge time consumption and so on, which obviously affects its application in medical diagnosis. With the advantages of low production cost, small size, fast analysis, high sensitivity, and the result could be directly transmitted to the end users, microfluidic chip technology and lateral flow strip possess great potential for medical diagnosis development. Firstly, the present paper introduced why we need microfluidic technology in the process of nucleic acid detection based on the previous reported research results. Secondly, nucleic acid extraction technology, amplification technology, and nucleic acid detection technology on the platform of microfluidic chip are explained. Finally, the feasibility of integrating nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection techniques into a micro-device was illustrated.