典史之历史源流及其发展

The Origin and Development of the DianShi

元代始设典史一职,其初为执掌文案的幕职类首领官。明朝典史虽名为幕职文吏,但实掌县尉权柄。清代典史逐渐取代县尉一职,转而为执掌治安管捕的属官。至清末,旧的州县官制由近代化的西方官制所替代,典史遂逐渐退出历史舞台。由王朝更替间典史职能的转换来看州县的权力运作,可管窥地方州县制运作的真实面貌。

Thc beginning of the Yuan Dynasty was established as Shidian, and its beginning was the curtain chief who govern literature and history. Although the Ming Dynasty＇s Dianshi is called literature and history,it is the power of Xianwei.Qing Dynasty’s Dianshi gradually replaced “Xianwei”,and govern security official.To the end of Qing Dansty,old official state system replaced by the modern western bu-reaucratic system,Dianshi gradually back to stage of history.From the alternation of Dianshi＇s function in Dynasty alternation,the power operation of state can see the true appearance of local state and country’soperation.