成都地区儿童呼吸道病原体IgM抗体检测结果分析

Detection of IgM antibodies in pathogens caused respiratory tract infections of children in Chengdu area

目的了解成都地区9项呼吸道感染病原体IgM抗体在呼吸道感染儿童中的流行情况,为临床有效防治提供依据。方法采用间接免疫荧光法检测门诊与住院患儿血清中9项呼吸道病原体IgM抗体,研究其检出情况及季节性变化情况。结果 20 647例患儿血清IgM抗体阳性5 623例,总阳性率为27.23%;肺炎支原体(MP)检出率最高,其次是乙型流感病毒(INFBV)、副流感病毒(PIV),阳性率分别为15.95%、6.27%、4.35%。MP、INFBV和PIV阳性率女童高于男童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在不同年龄组的分布差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);病原体的感染季节性分布存在差异,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成都地区儿童呼吸道感染的病原体主要为MP和INFBV,MP、INFBV和PIV感染阳性率女童高于男童,并且大多病原体感染在不同季节、不同年龄组都具有一定的差异。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of IgM antibodies against 9kinds of respiratory pathogens of children in Chengdu area so as to provide evidence for clinically effective prevention and treatment.Methods The IgM antibodies of 9pathogens in the serum were detected by using indirect immunofluorescence assay.The positive rate of IgM antibodies and its seasonal distribution were observed.Results Among 20 647 cases,there were total 5 623 positive cases of IgM antibodies against 9kinds of respiratory pathogens and the positive rate was 27.23%;The positive rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae（MP）was highest,followed by influenza B virus（INFBV）and parainfluenza virus（PIV）with the detection rate of 15.95%,6.27% and4.35%,respectively.Positive rates of MP,INFBV and PIV of girls were higher than those of boys,and the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）;The distribution differences of most pathogens infection were statistically significant in different age groups（P0.05）;In addition,infection of most them displayed a seasonal distribution,and the difference were statistically significant（P0.05）.Conclusion MP and INFBV are the main pathogens in respiratory tract infection of children in Chengdu area,and the infection rates of MP,INFBV and PIV among girls more higher than that among boys,and the incidence of the infections caused by the respiratory tract pathogens vary in the age and seasons.