119名实习护生基础护理认知和实施现状的调查分析

Cognition on and Practice of Basic Nursing of Nursing Students:A 119-case Study

目的了解实习护生对基础护理知识的认知及实施现状。方法 2015年11—12月,采用便利抽样方法,调查在长沙市某三级甲等医院经过10个月实习的119名护生对基础护理观点的认同及实施基础护理的情况。结果实习护生对基础护理认同度最高的是"基础护理包括提供良好的就医环境、生活服务、完成常规治疗",占97.5%;对基础护理认同度最低的是"只有生活不能自理的患者才需要基础护理",占42.9%。"巡视输液、测生命体征、更换床单"是实习护生在实习期间实施基础护理较频繁的项目,实施频繁程度分别占63.9%、63.0%、61.3%;"床上洗头、足部清洁、尸体料理"是实习护生在实习期间基础护理较少实施项目,实施频繁程度分别占10.1%、9.2%、7.6%。实习护生对基础护理观点认同与基础护理的实施呈正相关(r=0.205,P<0.05)。结论实习护生对基础护理的认知不够全面,基础护理中生活护理的实施率较低。医院需要在临床带教过程中全面强化实习护生对基础护理的认知,塑造正确的职业观念,促进护生对基础护理的实施。

Objective To investigate the cognition on and the practice of basic nursing of nursing students.Methods With convenient sampling,119 nursing students after 10-month practice in a Class Ⅲ Grade Ⅰ hospital were investigated for their cognition on and the practice of basic nursing.Results The item that basic nursing should offer good medical environment to help patients complete the treatment was recognized by 97.5% of the nursing students while the item that basic nursing was just for those that cannot take care of themselves by 42.9%.In charge of infusion,observation of vital signs and change of sheets were the top three items that nursing students practiced during the internship,accounting for 63.9%,63.0% and 61.3% respectively.While nursing students practiced washing hair on the bed,cleansing the feet and death nursing least,accounting for 10.1%,9.2% and 7.6% respectively.Nursing students＇ cognition was positively correlated with their practice of basic nursing（r =0.205,P 0.05）.Conclusion Nursing students presents inadequate cognition on basic nursing and the implementation rate of life care in basic nursing is very low.In clinical teaching,more attention should go to strengthen nursing students ＇ cognition on basic nursing so as to cultivate their correct concept of occupation and promote the practice of basic nursing in nursing students.