播期对不同类型小麦生育进程及产量构成的影响

Effect of Sowing Date on Wheat Growth Period and Yield Components of Different Types of Wheat

[目的]研究播期对不同感温性小麦生育进程及产量构成的影响。[方法]分别以2个弱春性(郑麦9023、04中36)和半冬性(西农979、矮抗58)小麦品种为试验对象,通过5个不同播种期(10月1日、10月7日、10月14日、10月21日、10月28日)的设置,研究播期对小麦生育进程及产量构成因素的影响。[结果]随播期推迟,小麦株高呈下降趋势;晚播推迟小麦的出苗期和三叶期,总生育天数缩短;不同播期中,弱春性品种的生育时期均较半冬性品种提前。弱春性品种早播或晚播均影响群体产量形成,籽粒产量下降,适期播种(10月14日)最好;半冬性品种应适时早播,播量一致的前提下以10月1日播种籽粒产量较高。[结论]该研究可为豫北地区不同感温性小麦品种选择适宜播期提供理论依据。

[Objective] The research aimed to study the effect of sowing date on wheat growth period and yield components of different wheat varieties. [Method] Using two weak spring wheat( ZM9023,04-36) and two semi winter wheat( XN979,AK58) as materials,the effect of sowing date on the growth period and yield components of wheat were studied with 5 sowing times( 1st October,7th October,14 th October,21 st October,28 th October). [Result]As sowing date delayed,wheat height was decreased,seedling stage and trefoil stage of wheat were delayed and the growth period was shortened. Wheat growth stages of weak spring varieties were much advancer than semi winter varieties during each sowing date. The best sowing date for weak spring wheat was about 14 th October. The yield components in early sowing and late sowing were both lower and the yield was much lower than that in suitable sowing. Early sowing was suitable for semi winter wheat and the yield was higher with sowing date October 1 when sowing rate was same. [Conclusion]The study can provide scientific basis for the suitable sowing date of different wheat variety in the north Henan Province.