安徽省早稻小满寒及高温逼熟时空分布特征

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Grain Buds Cold and Heat-forced Maturity Early Rice in Anhui Province

利用安徽地区均匀分布的国家常规气象观测站1960—2012年逐日气象观测数据,结合前人研究的双季早稻生长季低温及高温致灾临界气象指标,运用Matlab软件统计分析了安徽地区各气象站点小满寒及高温逼熟历年发生次数的多时间尺度特征,并进行了相关的检验。结果表明,小满寒灾害高值区主要位于安徽北部的砀山和宿县,而高温逼熟重灾区主要在皖南的安庆地区。从时间变化上看,安徽省双季稻区小满寒具有明显的下降趋势,高温逼熟发生次数相对较为稳定。小波分析结果表明,在2012年以后,小满寒和高温逼熟等值线处于偏多年且未闭合,表明未来一段时间安徽地区仍处于小满寒及高温逼熟重灾年。

Using daily meteorological data of national meteorological observation station in Anhui from 1960 to 2012,combined with previous studies about low temperature and high temperature disaster critical meteorological index of early rice,to analysis of the multiple time scale characteristics of grain buds cold and heat-forced maturity in Anhui meteorological stations by Matlab software,and then carried on the related examination. The results showed that the hardest hit of grain buds cold contains Dangshan and Suxian in northern of Anhui,while that of heat-forced maturity was mainly in Anqing in southern of Anhui. From view of time,the occurrence of grain buds cold had an obvious downward trend,but that of heat-forced maturity was relatively stable. Wavelet analysis results showed that,after 2012,the isogram of grain buds cod and heat-forced maturity were more occurrences and were not closed,which indicated Anhui Province would still affected severely by grain buds cold and heatforced maturity for next years.