饲粮中添加绿狐尾藻对肥育猪生长性能、血清生化指标和胴体品质的影响

Effects of Dietary Myriophyllum elatinoides on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes and Carcass Quality of Finishing Pigs

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加绿狐尾藻对肥育猪生长性能、血清生化指标和胴体品质的影响。采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选用40头初始体重为(55.20±2.18)kg的健康"杜×长×大"三元杂交猪,随机分为4个组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头猪。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组饲粮在基础饲粮中分别添加5%、10%和15%绿狐尾藻,试验期60 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组肥育猪的终末体重、平均日增重和料重比均无显著差异(P>0.05);Ⅳ组的终末体重和平均日增重显著降低(P<0.05),料重比显著增加(P<0.05)。2)各组肥育猪的血清总蛋白、尿素氮、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白含量和谷草转氨酶活性均无显著差异(P>0.05);与对照组相比,Ⅲ组的血清谷丙转氨酶活性和Ⅳ组的血清白蛋白含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)各组肥育猪的胴体率、瘦肉率、屠宰率、胴体斜长、肉色、剪切力和大理石纹评分均无显著差异(P>0.05);与对照组相比,Ⅲ和Ⅳ组的平均背膘厚和Ⅳ组的眼肌面积显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅲ组的滴水损失有降低趋势(P>0.05),Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的p H45 m in、p H24 h有增加趋势(P>0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加10%绿狐尾藻对肥育猪的生长性能无显著影响,可改善血清生化指标,降低平均背膘厚,减缓肌肉p H下降速度,降低滴水损失,改善猪肉品质。

This experiment w as conducted to study the effects of dietary Myriophyllum elatinoides on grow th performance,serum biochemical indexes and carcass quality of finishing pigs. Forty healthy 'Duroc ×Landrace×Yorkshire'hybrid pigs w ith initial w eight of( 50. 20 ± 2. 18) kg w ere randomly divided into four groups w ith ten replicates per group and one pig per replicate according single factor complete randomized trial design. The pigs in group Ⅰ( control group) w ere fed a basal diet,w hile the others in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳw ere fed the basal diet supplemented w ith 5%,10% and 15% M yriophyllum elatinoides. The experiment lasted for 60 days. The results show ed as follow s: 1) compared w ith the control group,final w eight,average daily gain and the ratio of feed to gain of finishing pigs in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ had no significant differences( P >0.05). Compared w ith the control group,final w eight and average daily gain in group Ⅳ w ere significantly decreased( P< 0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain in group Ⅳ w as significantly increased( P< 0.05). 2) There w ere no significant differences in the contents of total protein,urea nitrogen,total cholesterol,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein and the activity of aspartate aminotransferase in serum of finishing pigs betw een all groups( P> 0.05). The activity of alanine aminotransferase in serum in group Ⅲ and the content of albumin in serum in group Ⅳ w ere significantly low er than that in the control group( P< 0.05).3) There w ere no significant differences in carcass percentage,lean meat percentage,dressing percentage,carcass oblique length,meat color,shear force and marbling score of finishing pigs betw een all groups( P >0.05). Compared w ith the control group,average backfat thickness in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ and loin eye area in group Ⅳ w ere significantly decreased( P< 0.05),and drip loss in group Ⅲ had a decrease trend( P > 0. 05),and p H45 m inand p H24 hin groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ had an increase trend( P> 0.05). In conclusion,dietary 10% Myriophyllum elatinoides has no significant effects on grow th performance,can improve serum biochemical indexes,reduce average backfat thickness,decrease the speed of muscle p H,reduce drip loss and improve pork quality of finishing pigs.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2017,29( 10) : 3657-3665]