雷山髭蟾繁殖生态初步研究

A Preliminary Study on the Reproduction Ecology for Vibrissaphora leishanensis

2014年10月—2016年6月,采用野外定点观察的方法系统观察雷山髭蟾Vibrissaphora leishanensis的繁殖生态习性。研究表明:雷山髭蟾求偶、交配、产卵均在水体中进行;繁殖期在每年的9月底至12月底,11月中旬最集中;雄性的体长和体质量均显著大于雌性;繁殖行为包括筑"巢"、鸣叫求偶、抱对、产卵,雄蟾单个鸣叫,抱对时雄蟾主动。有共用一个"巢"穴抱对产卵的习性和集群产卵的行为。卵群直径65.13~100.47 mm,平均77.73 mm±9.47 mm(n=54);窝卵数162~394粒,平均226.79粒±7.89粒(n=54);卵径2.06~5.18 mm,平均3.82 mm±0.91 mm(n=270);孵化期为107~157 d,平均127.71 d±7.38 d(n=54)。

A survey on reproduction of Vibrissaphora leishanensis was conducted in Leigongshan National Nature Reserve from October,2014 to June,2016. The results suggested that the reproduction period of this toad started from the end of September through December and peaked in the middle of November. Body mass and length of males were greater than those of females. Reproduction process was composed of nesting,croaking for courtship,mating and oviposition. Males croak individually and mating initiatively. Mating and ovipositing of multiple couples were observed in the same site. Diameter of egg masses were 65. 13-100. 47 mm with mean of 77. 73 mm ± 9. 47 mm（ n = 54）. The observed clutch size was about162-394 eggs,and the mean（ ± SD） clutch size was 226. 79 ± 7. 89（ n = 54）. Ovum diameter ranged from 2. 06 mm to5. 18 mm with mean 3. 82 mm ± 0. 91 mm（ n = 270）. Embryonic development lasted 107-157 days（ mean 127. 71 ± 7. 38,n = 54） in the field.