卧龙国家级自然保护区水鹿种群密度及分布调查

An Investigation on Population Density and Distribution of Rusa unicolor in Wolong National Nature Reserve

了解珍稀动物种群的密度及其分布是开展保护的重要基础。2015年7—8月,采用样带内粪堆现存量计数法对卧龙国家级自然保护区皮条河-耿达河流域的水鹿Rusa unicolor种群密度进行了调查,同时,结合近年来保护区的生态监测资料,对保护区水鹿的分布进行了初步分析。结果表明:水鹿在区内广泛分布,分布海拔为1 354~3 841 m,其中95%的痕迹点分布在海拔1 600~3 599 m;调查区域内水鹿总平均密度为(0.25±0.16)只/km^2;从皮条河上游往下至耿达河流域,水鹿的密度呈明显的递减趋势,水鹿活动痕迹点距居民点距离与其密度存在显著正相关性,这表明居民点对水鹿的分布有重要影响。

Understanding the population density and distribution of precious animal is an important basis for the implementation of protective measures. From July to August in 2015,the faecal standing crop counting method was used to investigate the population density of sambar deer（ Rusa unicolor） in the Pitiao and Gengda River basin of Wolong National Nature Reserve. Meanwhile,by combining the ecological monitoring data that collected in recent years,the distribution of sambar deer was analysed preliminarily. The results showed that sambar deer distributed widely in Wolong National Nature Reserve.The altitude distribution of sambar deer ranged from 1 354 m to 3 841 m above sea level,and 95% of the trace points were at an altitude interval of 1 600-3 599 m. The average population density of sambar deer was 0. 25 ind./km-2± 0. 16 ind./km-2 in the study area. Moreover,the decline trend of sambar deer population density from the upstream of Pitiao River down to Gengda River basin was obviously,and there were significant positive correlation among population density,distance between trace points and residential area,and these indicated that the residential areas had significant influence on the distribution of sambar deer.