基于CMADS驱动的SWAT模型在辽宁浑河流域的应用研究

Application of SWAT Model Driven by CMADS in Hunhe River Basin in Liaoning Province

我国气象观测资料较为匮乏,尤其在高山寒区,使得高寒地区的水文建模研究未能很好地开展。流域水资源研究对区域经济社会发展、水资源管理、生态平衡及环境保护等均具有重要意义。研究选取浑河流域沈阳水文控制站以上区域构建SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)分布式水文模型,并采用中国大气同化数据集(China Meteorological Assimilation Datasets,CMADS)作为大气输入数据驱动SWAT模型,通过对区域内4个水文站的月尺度径流和日尺度径流的率定与验证,来评估CMADS+SWAT模式在高寒山区的适应性。此外,在SWAT模型参数敏感性分析的基础上,应用SWAT模型优化率定工具——SWAT-CUP中自带的SUFI-2优化率定方法对模型参数进行校准与验证。研究发现:在率定期,模式Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数NSE和决定系数R^2均在0.74以上;在验证期,NSE和R^2也均大于0.58。结果表明:CMADS+SWAT模式在浑河流域取得了较好的模拟结果,CMADS数据集可很好地体现浑河流域下垫面地表大气特征。研究总体认为:CMADS数据集可为我国气象观测资料匮乏的地区提供重要的基础数据支持;同时,利用CMADS+SWAT模式可为我国气象无站或缺测区的水资源利用、水土保持及非点源污染防治等研究提供重要的科技支撑。

Due to the scarcity of meteorological observation data in our country（ especially in the alpine regions）,the study of hydrological modeling in alpine region has not been carried out well. However,to research on water resources in the basin is of great significance to the regional economic and social development,water resources management,ecological balance and environmental protection.This study selects the control area of Shenyang hydrological station as the study area in Hunhe River Basin to construct SWAT distributed hydrological model,and uses China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets（ CMADS） as meteorological forcing data for SWAT model. And it will evaluate the adaptability of CMADS ＋ SWAT model in the alpine region basing on the calibration and validation of monthly runoff and daily runoff of 4 hydrological stations. In addition,based on the sensitivity analysis of the parameters of the SWAT model,the program SUFI-2 in SWAT-CUP package is used for the optimization and calibration of SWAT to calibrate and validate the parameters. The study finds that the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient NSE and the coefficient of determination R2 are both above 0. 74 in the validation period,and the NSE and R2 are both above 0. 58 in the validation period. The results show that the CMADS ＋ SWAT model achieves a good result,and CMADS can reflect the characteristics of the atmospheric underlying surface in the Hunhe River Basin. This study generally believes that CMADS can provide important data support for China＇ s meteorological data scarce region. At the same time,using the CMADS ＋ SWAT model can provide important scientific basis for the study of water resources utilization,water and soil conservation and non-point source pollution control in China＇s region without meteorological station or missing data area.