2011～2015年莱阳市法定传染病疫情分析

Analysis on epidemics of notifiable infectious diseases,Laiyang city,2011-2015

目的了解莱阳市法定传染病的发病趋势和流行特征,为制定预防和控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对莱阳市2011~2015年法定传染病的发病趋势和流行特征进行分析。结果莱阳市2011~2015年报告法定传染病20种发病9 329例,年平均发病率为209.64/10万,发病率2013年(258.39/10万)达到峰值后呈下降趋势,不同年份乙丙类传染病发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。血源及性传播传染病、呼吸道传染病、肠道传染病、自然疫源和虫媒传染病年均发病率分别为47.71/10万、44.16/10万、14.99/10万、1.96/10万,不同种类法定传染病发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。发病率最高的前5种传染病依次为其他感染性腹泻病、肺结核、乙肝、手足口病、梅毒,年均发病率分别为78.96/10万、43.44/10万、34.38/10万、13.69/10万、7.62/10万。结论 2011~2015年莱阳市法定报告传染病总体呈先上升后下降趋势,各传染病在不同时期有不同的流行特点和规律。

Objective To understand the epidemic trend and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Laiyang city,so as to provide scientific basis for working out measures for their prevention and control. MethodsDescriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze the trend and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Laiyang city,2011-2015. Results During 2011-2015,a total of 9 329 cases of 20 notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Laiyang city.The average incidence rate was 209.64/105,the incidence declined after reaching apeak in2013（258.39/105）,the incidence of category B infectious diseases was statistically significant in different years（P〈0.01）.The incidence of blood-borne and sexually transmitted,respiratory,intestinal infectious diseases,natural foci and vector-borne diseases was 47.71/105,44.16/105,14.99/105,and 1.96/105,the incidence of different types of notifiable infectious diseases was statistically significant（P〈0.01）.The top five infectious diseases with the highest incidence were other infectious diarrhea（78.96/105）,tuberculosis（43.44/105）,hepatitis B（34.48/105）,hand,foot and mouth disease（13.69/105）,and syphilis（7.62/105）. Conclusion During 2011-2015,the notifiable infectious diseases are on a first upward and then downward trend in Laiyang city,all infectious diseases have different epidemic characteristics and laws in different periods.