石油物流的成本和风险管控策略思考——基于陆海域统筹视野

Cost Control and Optimization Strategy of Petroleum Logistics——the Perspective of Land and Marine Transportation Integration

石油对国家的安全与发展有着举足轻重的作用。石油物流作为石油进口的关键要素,其成本和风险关系着石油进口的安全。当前,在保障石油正常供应的基础上,科学地规划和制定我国石油进口的采购策略、运输路线和储备计划,降低石油物流成本成为石油供应链管理的重点。鉴此,通过分析我国石油进口量、海外主要进口来源地构成和进口流网络布局现状,探究基于陆海域统筹战略的石油物流网络及流程,深入研究石油进口供应链上的各个环节和成本影响因素,同时在统筹考虑石油进口的海域路线和陆域路线的基础上,从油轮队伍创建、运输路线优化、进口来源地多元化、现代化油港建设等方面提出石油物流成本和风险的管控措施,以期为政府和相关企业制定合理的石油进口策略提供决策依据。

A scientific plan of purchasing,transportation and storage plays an important role in reducing the petroleum logistics cost and in petroleum supply chain management. Through the study of the volume and major sources of petroleum imports and the import transportation channels,we analyze the factors of all aspects of the supply chain and factors that affect the oil import costs. In order to provide decision-making reference for the government and related petroleum enterprises that making reasonable strategy of petroleum energy import,we put forward corresponding measures to curb and harness the logistics cost and risk based on an integrated analysis of the marine and land routes of oil imports.