北元时期察哈尔部东迁原因及驻牧地简析

The Research on the Reasons for the Eastward Migration of the Chahar Tribe in the North Yuan Period and an Analysis of Its Meadow-Land

蒙古察哈尔部于16世纪中叶举部东迁,最初的博迪阿拉克汗率察哈尔等部众从现大同北部的乌兰察布市中部地区,东迁到了现锡林郭勒盟的南部沙漠和赤峰市的北部一带。后来达赉逊库登汗率领蒙古左翼万户再次东迁到兴安岭以东的西拉木伦河流域及其以北的广袤草原地带,使蒙古的政治中心东移。察哈尔等部众大规模东迁的原因,一方面是为了躲避强盛的右翼蒙古之侵扰,另一方面也是为了选择优良的牧场,还有辽东兀良合、泰宁、福余三卫封建主的欢迎等,既有被动因素也有主动因素。

In the middle 16th century, the whole Mongolia Chahar tribe migrated eastward. At the initial stage of the eastward migration, Khan Bodi Alagh led the Chahar tribe to migrate from the central region of Wulanchabu, which is to the north of current Datong, to the Southern desert of current Xilinguole League and the northern area of Chifeng. Later, Khan Dalai Kudeng led the left wing of the Mongolian tribe to migrate eastward to the Xar Moron River Basin which is east of the Xingan mountain region and to the vast grasslands north of the mountain region, making the Mongolian political center move eastward. The reasons for the eastern migrations of the Chahar tribe had both passive factors and active factors-to avoid the intrusion by the right wing tribe of the powerful Mongolia, to choose good pastures, and to receive, the welcome from the three feudal lords in Liaodong-Wulianghe, Taining and Fuyu.