王船山《唐诗评选》的选诗特色与选评背景

The Characteristics and Background of Wang Chuanshan's Comments on Selected Tang Poems

王船山《唐诗评选》主要入选山水田园诗、宫廷酬唱诗、怀人诗、送别诗,较少怀古咏史诗、战争诗、闺怨诗等题材,在具体诗人评选上则呈现两极分化特色,杜甫入选91首而大量名家名作或只选一两首,或被黜落。王船山唐诗观曾受复古派"诗必盛唐"及元明诗学辨体观念之影响,从其评点可知《唐诗评选》建立在广泛涉猎、吸收前代唐诗选本基础之上,顾璘批点本《唐音》与王船山的诗学思想若合符契,而高棅《唐诗品汇》、钟谭《诗归》则被王船山目为庸劣。王船山在"引古以正今""风以世移"的古今双重诗学参照下开展唐诗批评,被钱钟书誉为"识趣甚高"。

Wang Chuanshan Comments on Selected Tang Poems is mainly a selection of pastoral poems,royal palace poems,personal reminiscent poems,and farewell poems,with comparatively small number of nostalgic poems,war poetry,boudoir repining poems and other themes.There are polarized features in the specific poets for the selection,with as many as 91 poems by Du Fu selected,while only one or two poems selected from other famous poets if not simply overlooked.Chuanshan＇s poetics about Tang poems was influenced by the concept of genre in Yuan and Ming dynasties.From his evaluation of Tang poems,we can see that his selection of Tang poems is based on his extensive study and absorption of the previous selections Tang poems.His poetics was sympathetic to that of Gu Lin in Tang Yin,and Gao Bing＇s Appreciation of Tang Poems and Zhong Tan＇s Home of Peotry were seen to him as far inferior.Chuanshan＇s criticism of Tang poems by referring to his two contradicting criteria of ＂citation of classics for the rectification of fads ＂ and ＂contemporaneity varies with times＂,was,however,praised by Qian Zhongshu as of ＂very high taste.＂