外科系统常见病原菌对抗生素耐药的分析

Analysis of antibiotics resistance of common bacteria in surgical system.

目的 研究外科系统感染的病原菌及其对常用抗生素的耐药性 ,以指导临床用药。方法 采用Vitek -AmsSystem和Kirby -Bauer法 ,对外科临床标本进行细菌培养并检测其对多种抗生素的耐药性。 结果 对外科3个病房 2 0个月共分离得到 2 892株致病菌 ,位列前 6位的分别是大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、表皮葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌。金葡菌对常用抗生素的耐药率超过 80 % ,万古霉素仍然是治疗革兰阳性球菌的有效药物 ,革兰阴性杆菌对第三代头孢菌素的耐药率较高 ,可能与产超广谱酶 (ExtendedSpectrum βLactamases,ESBL)菌株的增多有关。结论 开展细菌耐药性的监测对外科临床抗生素的合理应用 ,提高现有抗生素的疗效 ,减缓耐药菌株发生发展的速度有重要意义。

Objective The phenomenon of antibiotics resistance of common bacteria in surgical system was studied to establish a principle of using antibiotics correctly. Methods Vitek-Ams system and Kirby-Bauer method were used to examine the antibiotics resistance of isolated bacteria from three surgical wards.Results 2 892 strains were isolated,the first six common strains were Escherichia coli;Staphylococcus aureus;Klebsiella pneumoniae;Pseudomonas aeruginosa;Staphylococcus epidermidis and Blastomyces albicans.The resistance to commom antibiotics of Staphylococcus aureus was more than 80%,Vancomycin was still effective to the G + coccus.G - coli had higher resistance against the 3rd generation of cephalosporins and it might be the result of increasing of extended spectrum β lactamases (ESBLs).Conclusion Our results suggest that the surveillance of antibiotics resistance is important to improve the effect of antibiotics and to reduce the occurrence of antibiotics resistance of bacteria.