移土培肥工程对土壤质量的改善研究

Study on Improvement of Soil Quality by Soil-transferring and Muck-increasing Project

以重庆市忠县段移土培肥示范区3种典型经济作物为代表的土地利用类型为研究对象,对比分析了移土培肥和未采用移土培肥措施条件下,土壤有机质、全效养分、速效养分、土壤颗粒分布的差异,结果表明:在3种种植模式下,移土培肥措施有效地提高了土壤有机质、全效养分、速效养分的含量,提高幅度分别达到了15.4%~80.9%、6.4%~114.2%、13.7%~77.5%。同时,移土培肥工程措施也有效提高了土壤粘粒在土壤颗粒体积含量中的比例,提高幅度在5.3%~166.2%。因此,移土培肥措施有效地改善了土壤潜在的肥力、土地生产力以及土壤结构,对于改善库区相对贫瘠的土壤质量有积极的作用,而如何加强移土培肥工程措施后续的管理,将其发挥更大的土壤生态-经济效益还有待进一步研究。

In this study,we selected three representative farmland use types in Soil-Transferring and Muck-Increasing Project（ STMIP） demonstration area of Zhongxian county,Chongqing city as the researched objects,and comparatively analyzed the differences in soil organic matter（ SOM）,total nutrients,available nutrients,and soil particle distribution（ PSD） between STMIP treatment and un-STMIP treatment. The results showed that： in the three farmland use types,comparing with un-STMIP,STMIP effectively increased the contents of SOM,total nutrients and available nutrients,and the volume proportion of clay particle in PSD by 15.4% - 80.9%,6.4% - 114.2%,13.7% - 77. 5%,and 5. 3% - 166. 2%,respectively. Therefore,STMIP effectively improved the potential soil fertility,land productivity and soil structure.