内蒙古草原鼠害及其绿色防控技术应用现状

Grassland Rodent Damage and Application Situation of Green Prevention-Control Techniques in Inner Mongolia

利用内蒙古草原害鼠危害与防治情况数据库资料,分析了2007~2016年内蒙古草原鼠害绿色防控技术、施药技术及其应用,结果表明:内蒙古草原鼠害连续7年呈下降态势,目前以片、岛状分散发生为主;C型肉毒梭菌毒素、D型肉毒梭菌毒素、莪术醇、新贝奥生物灭鼠剂、世双鼠靶、物理防治、招鹰控鼠、野化狐狸及生态调控效果明显,绿色防控技术得到优化,防控技术体系基本形成,10年间累计应用面积957.9万hm^2,减灾收益近13亿元,生态、经济和社会效益显著;建议进一步增加草原鼠害绿色防控的资金投入,完善预警体系,强化专业防治,加大科研力度,以实现草原鼠害的绿色可持续治理。

The database of Inner Mongolia grassland rodent damage and control situation were used to analyze and summarize the grassland rodent damage,green prevention-control techniques,spraying techniques and their application status in 2007 to 2016.The results showed that the grassland rodents had declined for seven consecutive years in Inner Mongolia.Currently,the grassland rodent damage mainly occurred in patchy or island.The type-C botulin,type-D botulin,curcumol,triptolide,shishuang rodenttargeted rodenticide,physical control,attracting hawk,taming fox and ecological management were found to be significant for controlling grassland rodent damage.The green prevention control techniques had been refined,and the control strategies had been basically formed.Over the past decade,the cumulative application areas using the green control techniques RMB 9.579 million hectares.The green prevention control technologies had saved direct economic losses of one billion and three hundred million,and brought remarkable ecological,economic and social benefits.In order to resolve problems in production and achieve green sustainable management,the capital input must be increased,the early warning and monitor system must be perfected,professional control must be strengthened and scientific research must be reinforced.