云南黑山羊羊肉品质的研究

Study on Meat Quality Traits for Yunnan Black Goat

试验对全舍饲条件下6月龄和12月龄云南黑山羊背最长肌的常规营养成分和氨基酸、脂肪酸含量进行了测定分析。结果表明:(1)云南黑山羊6月龄羔羊肉的水分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白和粗灰分分别为75.07%、2.03%、21.53%和1.06%;12月龄羊肉的水分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白和粗灰分分别为75.40%、0.97%、21.03%和1.00%。(2)6月龄羔羊肉和12月龄羊肉均含有丰富的矿物质和维生素,胆固醇含量低。(3)6月龄羔羊肉和12月龄羊肉氨基酸种类含量丰富,17种氨基酸总含量分别为17.11 g/100 g和16.93 g/100 g,鲜味氨基酸分别占总氨基酸含量的45.00%和45.30%。(4)各脂肪酸含量的总体趋势表现出6月龄高于12月龄,且多数脂肪酸含量在两个月龄间达到了显著(P<0.05)或极显著差异水平(P<0.01);6月龄羔羊肉和12月龄羊肉主要组成脂肪酸为棕榈酸、硬脂酸、反式油酸和亚油酸,分别占脂肪酸总量的76.41%和73.43%;6月龄羔羊肉中富含亚油酸,含量为1 200.50 mg/kg;6月龄羔羊肉和12月龄周岁羊肉中含有3种支链脂肪酸,分别为8.66 mg/kg和6.28 mg/kg。

The main nutrients ingredient,amino acids and fatty acid content of the longest muscle in the 6-month-old and 12-month- old Yunnan black goat under drylot feeding were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the moisture,crude fat,crude protein and ash of 6-month-old lamb meat were 75.07%,2.03%,21.53% and 1.06% respectively;while those of 12-month-old lamb meat were 75.40%,0.97%,21.03% and 1.00% respectively. Secondly,the mutton of 6-month-old and 12-month-old lamb were rich in minerals and vitamins,but low in cholesterol. Thirdly,the kinds and content of amino acids were rich,there were 17 kinds of amino acids and the total contents were 17.11 g/100g and 16.93 g/100g in the mutton of 6-month-old and 12-month-old lambs respectively. The fresh amino acids were also rich in content and accounted for 45.00% and 45.30% of the total amino acids in the mutton of 6-month-old and 12-month-old lambs respectively. Finally,the fatty acid content of 6-month-old mutton was more than that in the 12-month-old mutton,and the most of the fatty acid content between two ages reached a significant difference（P＆lt;0.05）or extremely significant difference（P＆lt;0.01）. The main components of fatty acids were palmitate,stearic acid,trans-oleic acid and linoleic acid,and the four kinds of fatty acids accounted for 76.41% and 73.43% of the total fatty acids in the mutton of 6-month-old lambs and 12-month-old lambs respectively. The 6-month-old lamb meat was rich in linoleic acid,which was 1200.50 mg/kg. There were three kinds of branched chain fatty acid,and they were 6.28 mg/kg and 8.66 mg/kg in the mutton of 6-month-old lamb and 12-month-old lamb respectively.