地方立法的公共理性问题

Public Reason of Local Legislation

我国地方立法是地方法治建设的重要组成部分,对实现有效地方治理发挥着积极作用,但目前我国地方立法仍存在以下三个方面的问题:功利主义色彩较浓厚,困于工具理性牢笼;抄袭上位法的"无意义立法"客观存在;公民参与地方性立法的积极性还不高。其深层次的原因在立法内容受部门利益干扰、立法程序缺乏公众参与以及立法以贯彻政策、计划、指令为目的等,表明立法的公共理性缺失。公共理性理论为解决地方立法存在的问题提供了理论参考路径。培育地方立法的公共理性,应当在健全立法工作格局、调动公民参与立法的积极性、改善地方立法权的使用、树立通过民主商议达成法治共识的理念等方面着手。

Local legislation is an important part of Chinese local construction of rule of law and has taken an active part in effective local administration. Currently, however, it has three problemsutilitarianism, ＂frivolous legislation＂ by repeating the upper laws, and citizen＇s reluctance in participating in local legislation. They are fundamentally caused by the absence of public reason. In order to cultivate the public rationality of local legislation, we should improve the working pattern of legislation, mobilize the enthusiasm of citizens to participate in the legislation, improve the use of local legislation, and establish the idea of reaching a consensus on the rule of law through democratic deliberations.