宁南山区食葵与油葵的开花生物学观察

The biological characters for oilseed and edible sunflower in the south of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

为明确向日葵的开花生物学特性,选取2个品种的油葵(GE825和S31)与4个品种的食葵(NS006、JK103、JK1008和NS007)为材料,于2016年7月～8月间对向日葵单株开花进程、花冠的开花时间、花冠的深度与前端开口大小等花部特征进行了研究。结果表明,所有品种向日葵花盘开花持续时间不等,平均为7～9天,花冠的开花时间为3天;同时,研究还发现,4种食葵(NS006、JK103、JK1008和NS007)的花冠深度分别为8.61、8.74、8.37和8.83 mm;前段开口大小则依次为3.79、3.34、3.27和4.17 mm。2种油葵(GE825和S31)的花冠深度分别为7.34和7.15 mm,前端开口大小则依次为3.15和3.22 mm。统计分析表明:油葵与食葵这两类葵花单花花期基本一致,但在花冠深度和花冠前端开口大小等花部特征上差异显著。

To reveal the biological characteristics of oilseed and edible sunflowers in the south of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, two oilseed sunflowers （GE825 and $31） and 4 edible sunflowers （NS006, JK103, JK1008 and NS007） were selected to investigate. The process of flowering and the characters of the flowers such as the depth and width of the corolla had been investigated from July to August in 2016. The results showed that the process of blooming lasts 7 to 9 days for each plant, the blooming period is 3 clays for each flower. Meanwhile, the results revealed that the depth of the corolla is 8.61, 8.74, 8.37 and 8.83 mm for 4 edible sunflower speeies（NS006, JK103, JK1008 and NS007）, respectively. The width for the corolla is 3.79, 3.34, 3.27 and 4.17 mm for 4 edible sunflower species （NS006, JK103, JK1008 and NS007） , respectively. However, the depth of the corolla for 2 oilseed sunflowers （GE825 and S31） is 7.34 and 7.15 ram, and the width is 3.15 and 3.22 ram, respectively. The results indicated that the characters for the oilseed and edible sunflower were significantly different not only in the depth but also in the width of the corolla.