沂蒙山区与文昌中华蜜蜂形态鉴定及其分类研究

Identification and classification of Apis cerana cerana in Yimeng mountain area and Wenchang

本研究对沂蒙山区(蒙阴、沂源)的中华蜜蜂资源做了调查取样,按照国际指标对蒙阴、沂源中华蜜蜂样本进行了42个形态特征的系统测量和分析,利用SPSS 22软件进行了主成分、判别、聚类、变异及与环境因子的相关等数据分析,并与海南文昌中华蜜蜂进行形态及分类比较。结果为:15群中华蜜蜂进行聚类且聚为四类,第一类包括YY7、MY3、YY3、MY4、YY4、YY5,第二类有YY1、YY8、YY2、YY6,第三类为MY1、MY2,第四类为HN1、HN2、HN3。判别分析支持上述结果;PCA得到的主成分1和主成分2在各地区间差异极显著。主成分1与纬度和海拔呈极显著正相关,与年气温呈极显著负相关,所测中华蜜蜂的体形随海拔升高和纬度的北移以及年均气温的降低而增大;主成分2与经度和年降雨量以及年气温呈极显著正相关,与海拔高度极显著负相关。

In this study, Apis cerana cerana （ACC） in Yimeng mountain area （Mengyin and Yiyuan） was investigated and sampled. According to the international indexes, the system measurement and analysis of 42 morphological characteristics of the ACC samples were carried out, which principal component is studied by SPSS 22, so did diseriminant, clustering, mutation, and environmental factors related data analysis. And the results were compared with the ACC of Hainan Wenchang in ology and classification. The results revealed that 15 groups of ACC were clustered in four categories, including YY7, MY3, YY3, MY4, YY4 and YY5. The second type is YY1, YY8, YY2, YY6, and MY1 and MY2. The fourth category is HN1, HN2, and HN3. Diseriminant analysis supports the above results. PCA suggested that the main component 1 and the main component 2 in different regions showed significant difference. Principal component 1 was very significant positive correlated with latitude and altitude, which was in significant negative correlation with annual temperature. The bee＇s body showed the tendencies of increasing, as altitude increasing, latitude going north and the reducing of average annual temperature. The principal component 2 was positively correlated with longitude and annual rainfall and annual temperature, while being significantly negatively correlated with altitude.