依托尿路结石成分分析提高尿石症患者健康教育有效率的效果

Effects of urinary calculi component analysis in improving the effective rate of health education in patients with urolithiasis

目的 基于胶东地区泌尿系结石的成分构成,借鉴尿路结石成分分析结果开展多途径健康教育,提高患者健康教育有效率.方法 2015年1月—2016年1月采用便利抽样法选择尿石症住院患者190例,按结石成分结果分为观察组和对照组,每组95例,对照组采取常规教育方式,观察组采取多途径健康教育,在常规基础上借助结石成分分析报告进行详细讲解,比较两组健康教育效果.结果 观察组患者尿石症相关饮食知识总分为（17.82±0.90）分,对照组为（13.99±1.53）分,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=9.875,P〈0.01）.双J管带管期间,观察组患者发生肉眼血尿13例、腰痛10例、膀胱刺激征8例、尿路感染5例,均低于对照组,两组并发症比较差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为4.74、4.66、5.22、5.59;P〈0.05）.结论 结合结石成分分析结果对患者进行多途径、有针对性的健康教育,有助于提高健康教育效果,减少术后并发症的发生.

Objective To carry out multi-path health education referred to the results on urinary calculi component analysis based on the component of urinary calculi in Jiaodong area and to improve the effective rate of health education of patients.Methods A total of 190 inpatients with urolithiasis were selected by convenience sampling from January 2015 to January 2016. They were divided into experimental group （n=95, multi-path health education, routine educational mode ＋ explaining in detail based on the analysis report of the composition of urinary stones） and control group （n=95, routine educational mode） according to the composition of urinary stones. The effects of health education were compared.Results The total scores of the dietary knowledge about urolithiasis of patients in experimental group and control group were （17.82±0.90） and （13.99±1.53） with a significant difference （t=9.875,P〈0.01）. In terms of complications, there were 12 patients with gross hematuria, 10 patients with backache, 8 patients with bladder irritation, 5 patients with urinary tract infection during intubation of double J tube in experimental group lower than those in control group with significant differences （χ2=4.74, 4.66, 5.22, 5.59;P〈0.05）.Conclusions The multi-path and targeted health education combined with the analysis report of the composition of urinary stones can help to improve the effects of health education and reduce the postoperative complications.