古琴正调考

On Positive Tone of Guqin

在目前收集到的文献中可见,古琴正调调弦存在一弦为宫和三弦为宫的分野,仔细分辨便可发现,除了这个分野外,还存在关于一弦为黄钟还是三弦为黄钟的问题。这两个问题分别从律和音两个范畴对正调进行区分,它们的相互作用,可以得出主要四种说法:1.一弦为黄钟宫、三弦为仲吕角;2.一弦为黄钟宫、三弦为姑洗角;3.一弦为黄钟徵、三弦为仲吕宫;4.一弦为林钟徵、三弦为黄钟宫。另外还有清代学者在严格遵照三分损益法考虑加入变律后产生;5.一弦为变黄钟、三弦为仲吕;6.一弦执始徵、三弦仲吕宫两种说法,但并不典型。

It can be seen in collected literatures that there is difference between the Gong position of the first string and the third string, but it can be found carefully. Except the difference, there is a problem whether the Gong tone is Huangzhong or the third string is Huangzhong. The two problems can be solved by distinguishing temperament and tone and there are four solutions： The first string is Huangzhong Gong and the third string is Zhonglv Jiao; The first string is Huangzhong Gong and the third string is Guxi Jiao; The first string is Huangzhong Zhi and the third string is Zhonglv Gong; The first string is Linzhong Zhi and the third string is Huangzhong Gong; The first string is Bian Huangzhong and the third string is Zhonglv; The first string is Zhishi Zhi and the third string is Zhishi Zhi and the third string is Zhonglv Gong but the two latter is not the typical.