基于无人机遥感的矿山地质灾害解译

Interpretation of mine geological hazards based on UAV remote sensing technology

矿山地质环境调查是为了查明在矿产资源开采过程中遇到或者诱发的地质环境问题并对其作出评价和预测。传统的人工地质环境调查方法正面临时效性和安全性的挑战,无人机遥感正是取代人工地质环境调查的手段之一。基于2016年10月在北京市门头沟区的一次无人机飞行获取的数据,使用Pix4Dmapper等软件生成正射影像、数字高程模型以及三维模型,然后对该区进行遥感地质解译,建立滑坡、地面塌陷、不稳定斜坡、地裂缝、煤矸石堆、其他渣堆的解译标志,形成了一套适用于矿山的无人机遥感的地质灾害解译方法流程,通过实地验证,证明无人机遥感地质灾害解译效果良好,适合在矿山地质灾害监测方面推广应用。

The survey of the mine geological environment is to identify the geological environment problems encountered or induced in the mining process and to make evaluation and prediction. The traditional artificial survey of geological environment is faced with the challenges of timeliness and security. The UAV remote sensing is one of the means to replace the artificial survey of geological environment. Based on the data acquired by the UAV flight in Mentougou District of Beijing in October,2016,the paper generates the orthophoto,digital elevation model and 3D model by using Pix4 Dmapper and other software,and then interprets geology of this area with remote sensing technology to establish the interpretation signs of landslide,ground subsidence,unstable slope,ground fissures,coal waste rock piles,and other slag heap,which forms a set of interpretation process of geological disaster that is suitable for UAV remote sensing of the mine. Finally,it is proved by field validation that the interpretation result of geological disaster by UAV remote sensing is good,which is suitable for wider application in monitoring geological disaster of the mine.