沭阳县某镇中心小学1起水痘暴发疫情调查

Investigation on an outbreak of chickenpox in a central primary school of Shuyang County

目的通过分析沭阳县1起小学水痘暴发疫情的原因及流行特征,为今后学校水痘爆发疫情防控提供科学的参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果本次水痘爆发疫情累计发病23例,罹患率为1.39%,疫情历时25 d;病例均集中在2~5年级,首发病例所在班级三(1)班发病最多,发生7例,占30.43%;发病年龄7~11岁,8岁组发病最高(8例),占病例总数的34.78%。男生13例,女生10例,男女比1.3:1。结论首发病例未被及早发现隔离是造成此次小学水痘暴发疫情的主要原因。应加强对学校、托幼机构的疫情报告管理工作,采取切实有效的综合性预防控制措施,控制疫情的传播。

Objective To investigate the causes and epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of chickenpox in a primary school of Shuyang County so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of outbreaks of chickenpox in schools in the future.Methods The epidemic data were collected and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological methods. Results The number of accumulative total cases was 23 with the incidence of 1.39%. The epidemic lasted 25 days. Those cases were concentrated on the Grade 2, 3, 4 and 5, and the first case was in Class one, Grade Three, and in this class, the incidence was the highest（7 cases, 30.43%）. The age of onset was mainly distributed in 7-11 years, and the highest incidence was in the 8-year group（8 cases, 34.78%）. There were 13 boy cases and 10 girl cases, and the ratio of boys to girls was 1.3∶1. Conclusion The main cause of the outbreak of chickenpox in the primary school is that the first case is not detected and isolated early. Therefore, we should strengthen the management of epidemic reporting in schools and nurseries, and take effective and comprehensive measures to control the spread of the epidemic.