2009—2015年浙江省台州市肾综合征出血热监测研究

Surveillance for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Taizhou,Zhejiang,2009-2015

目的了解浙江省台州市2009 2015年肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的发病趋势及鼠类种群密度和携带汉坦病毒情况。方法病例资料来源于中国疾病监测信息系统,捕鼠采用夜夹法,鼠携带病毒检测采用免疫荧光法,鼠血清抗体检测采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法。结果 2009 2015年台州市HFRS报告发病数为702例,年均报告发病率为1.68/10万。发病主要分布在天台县、三门县和临海市,占发病总数的70.94%;人群以农民为主,占81.34%,发病率与鼠密度存在显著的相关性(r=0.963,P=0.001);7年间监测点捕获鼠类11种1 425只,总鼠密度为3.91%,鼠平均带病毒率为3.72%,带病毒鼠种为黑线姬鼠50只,褐家鼠3只,其他鼠种未检出。结论台州市HFRS疫情维持在较低的水平,黑线姬鼠是主要的传染源及宿主,疫区仍为黑线姬鼠为主的混合型疫区。加强鼠间疫情监测对本病防控具有重要指导意义。

Objective To understand the incidence trend of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（ HFRS） and density and hantavirus carriage of rats in Taizhou,Zhejiang province,from 2009 to 2015. Methods The incidence data of HFRS were collected from national disease surveillance information system. Rats were captured by using traps. Hantavirus was detected using immunofluorescence assay and hantavirus antibodies were detected by using ELISA. Results From 2009 to 2015,a total of 702 HFRS cases were reported in Taizhou and the incidence rate was 1. 68/100 000. M ost cases occurred in Tiantai,Sanmen and Linhai counties,accounting for 70. 94% of total cases. About 81. 34% of cases were farmers. There was an obvious correlation between the incidence rate and the density of rats（ r = 0. 963,P = 0. 001）. A total of 1 425 rats in 11 species were captured from 2009 to 2015. The average density of rats was 3. 91% and the virus carriage rate was 3. 72%.Hantavirus was only detected in the samples from 50 Apodemus agrarius and 3 Rattus norvegicus. Conclusions The incidence of HFRS was lowin Taizhou. Apodemus agrarius was the major host animal in this mixed focus. It is necessary to strengthen the HFRS surveillance in Taizhou.