北京市昌平区农村饮用水中铜绿假单胞菌耐药性及分子流行病学特征研究

Antibiotic resistance and molecular characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from rural drinking water in Changping district,Beijing

目的了解北京市昌平区农村饮用水中铜绿假单胞菌耐药谱分布、致病性及分子流行病学特征,为该菌污染生活饮用水而引起介水传染病暴发及流行的防控提供参考。方法按照GB/T 8538 2008进行菌株分离和鉴定,并对菌株进行药物敏感性试验、毒力基因检测及脉冲场凝胶电泳分型(PFGE)。结果 36株铜绿假单胞菌多分离于出厂水(27株),对哌拉西林(PIP)、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(TZP)、头孢他啶(CAZ)、头孢吡肟(FEP)、氨曲南(ATM)、亚胺培南(IPM)、美罗培南(MEM)、阿米卡星(AN)、庆大霉素(GM)、妥布霉素(TM)、环丙沙星(CIP)、左氧氟沙星(LEV)12种抗生素完全敏感。36株铜绿假单胞菌共有4种毒力基因谱(T1~T4),T1型(las I、lasR、rhl I、rhlR、tox A、plc H、rhl AB、las B)为主要毒力基因谱(25株,69.44%)。36株菌有11个PFGE型别,其中0003、0010为本地区优势PFGE型别。结论昌平区农村生活饮用水中铜绿假单胞菌主要分离于出厂水,无耐药性,主要PFGE型别为0003和0010,主要毒力基因谱为T1型。

Objective To understand the antibiotic resistance, virulence genes and molecular characteristics of 36 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from rural drinking water in Changping district,Beijing. Methods The strains were isolated and identified according to GB/T 8538-2008,and related antibiotic susceptibility test,virulence gene detection,and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis（ PFGE） were conducted. Results Among the 36 P. aeruginosa strains isolated,27 were isolated from finished water samples. All the strains were completely sensitive to 12 antibiotics,i. e. piperacillin,piperacillin/tazobactam,ceftazidime,cefepime,aztreonam,imipenem,meropenem,Amikacin,gentamicin,tobramycin,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. In 36 P. aeruginosa strains,4 virulence gene profiles（ T1-T4） were found,T1（ las I/lasR/rhl I/rhlR/tox A/plc H/rhl AB/las B） was the major gene profile,and 11 PFGE patterns were found,0003 and 0010 were predominant.Conclusion P. aeruginosa strains,which were antibiotic sensitive,were mainly isolated from the finished water,0003 and0010 were the predominant PFGE patterns,and T1 was the predominant gene profile in Changping.