外资嵌入型产业集群的网络结构特征——以深圳市电子信息产业集群为例

Network Structure Characteristics of Foreign Investment Embedded in Industrial Cluster——Taking Shenzhen Electronic Information Industrial Cluster As An Example

本文以深圳市电子信息产业集群为例,运用社会网络分析方法,结合外资嵌入型产业集群的网络结构特征,从微观层面分析了外资企业在产业集群网络中的位置和作用,以及外资企业与本地企业之间的相互关系。研究结果表明,深圳市电子信息产业集群的网络规模有待扩大,外资企业相对本地企业数量较少,网络密度的稀疏性降低了产业集群的整体竞争优势;该外资嵌入型产业集群的网络中心化不高,每个企业在网络中都占有一席之地,集群中外资企业的点度中心度指标值并不突出;集群网络中拥有联结关系最多的仍然是本地企业,外资企业对本地企业的影响力有限,并未充分发挥外商直接投资对外资嵌入型产业集群的促进作用。

Taking Shenzhen electronic information industrial cluster as an example, the paper used social network analysis method, combining with the network structure characteristics of foreign investment embedded in industrial cluster, and analyzed the position and function of foreign investment enterprises in the industrial cluster network, as well as the relationship between foreign enterprises and lo- cal enterprises. The results show that the network size of the Shenzhen electronic information industry cluster is to be expanded, which is not enormous enough. The number of foreign enterprises is relatively small, so is the network density, and the sparseness of the network reduces the overall competitive advantage. In addition, the centrality indices of the network are not high, and each enterprise has a place in the network, the point centrality of foreign enterprises is not as prominent as that of local enterprises. Still more connection rela- tionship is owned by local enterprises, and the influence of foreign capital enterprises on local enterprises is so limited, which is not made full use of.