黑龙江省玉米秸秆综合利用问题与对策研究

Problems and Countermeasures on the Comprehensive Utilization of Maize Straw in Heilongjiang Province

玉米秸秆含有丰富的营养和可利用的化学成分,可用作畜牧业饲料的原料,也可直接用于还田,起到恢复地力的作用。黑龙江省许多地区将玉米秸秆进行焚烧,不仅浪费资源,同时秸秆焚烧造成严重的大气污染。通过对黑龙江省玉米秸秆综合利用现状的分析,系统论述玉米秸秆在直接还田和离田利用中存在的问题,提出强化政府工作职能,科学规划还田比例,切实可行的保护政策,加大科研攻关及宣传力度等对策建议。

Maize straw is rich in nutrients and available chemical ingredients, which can be used directly to the field, play a role in restoring soil. In recent years, maize straw has been burned in many areas of Heilongjiang, not only a waste of resources, but also caused serious air pollution, which has great significance for improving the comprehensive utilization rate of maize straw. Based on the analysis of present situation of maize straw utilization in Heilongjiang Province, this paper systematically discusses the problems existing in returning straw to field directly, processing and utilization, and puts forward the policy proposals including strengthen the government functions, plan scientifically on straw returning ratio, introduce feasible protection policies, strengthen scientific research and step up publicity.