新型大学建设:多样化的人才培养模式与应对策略

Constructing New Type of University:Diversified Talent Cultivation Modes and Its Solution

作为转型主体的新建本科院校,其目标定位为应用型高校已逐步形成共识。此类高校肩负着培养各类应用型人才的重要使命,且被赋予普通教育、职业教育和继续教育的多重属性,因此也被部分教育行政官员和学者称之为中国新型大学或新型应用型本科院校。从现实的情况来看,新型大学之间乃至新型大学内部人才培养目标与规格的多样化导致其教学模式的多样化。因此,新型大学转型发展也可以看作是基于应用型人才培养目标定位基础上的以学生为中心的本科教学范式的变革。推进新型大学建设,应树立全面发展的人才质量观,对人才培养模式、教学模式进行多样化的探索,并坚持以学生为中心的办学理念,从行政管理、学校文化、社会环境等方面采取强有力的改革举措,提高教育教学质量和办学水平,推进新型大学逐步走向卓越。

As the main part of the transformation, the newly established undergraduate colleges and universities have gradually formed a consensus on their goals to turn into application-oriented universities. Such colleges and universities shoulder a significant mission of training all kinds of applied talents, and therefore they are endowed with multiple attributes of general education, vocational education and continuing education. Therefore, they have been called ＂new Chinese universities＂ or ＂new application-oriented undergraduate colleges＂ by some educational administrators and scholars. The reality is that the goals and specifications of talent training are diversifed among new universities and even within these schools, which leads to the diversification of teaching modes. Therefore, the transformation of new universities can be recognized as a student-centered reform on undergraduate teaching paradigm, which is aimed to cultivate applied talents. New universities must be built in order to cultivate talents of all-round development and to explore different talent cultivation modes and teaching modes. Adhering to the student-centered principle, these new universities have to carry out a deep reform in administrative management, school culture, and social environment, to enhance their teaching quality and academic level.