时务学堂的现代影响——基于研究文献的量化分析

The Modern Influence of the Shiwu Academy

时务学堂尽管存在的历史较短,但影响却十分深远。就时务学堂的研究文献进行量化分析,研究发现:从总体文献情况来看,对时务学堂的关注程度与教育经济、社会发展背景息息相关;以人物为主要研究对象,展示了时务学堂对社会进步、教育发展的贡献;研究内容体现了时务学堂对近代社会变革和教育发展的重要影响。近几十年以来,学者们对时务学堂的多样化研究,使得时务学堂对现代社会和教育发展的影响清晰地呈现出来。

The Shiwu Academy had a short history of less than one year,however,it led the development of modern education in China since the beginning.With its unique historical status and influence,the Academy attracts scholars to explore its development context,characters,and the past.Since the late 1950 s,more than a hundred studies have shown us the results of scholars' inquiry.This study conducts a quantitative analysis using the Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform as the data source.In terms of the time of various literature: the later decade of the founding of the PRC is the starting point,and the middle decade of the Cultural Revolution is a blank period.The bulk of literature,rising from 1980,was the largest in the 1990 s,and decreased when entering the 21 st century,and was steady and going up after 2010.In terms of the source publications: the main body of the literature is papers from 73 journals,and some are dissertations and conference papers.Hunan province's periodical has a high attention to the Shiwu Academy,but the influence of the Academy is not limited to Hunan province.In terms of the key words: the names of people are high frequency words,the frequency of Hunan's historical and cultural background is relatively high.In terms of the research content: the characters,mainly including the founders,teachers,students and other related figures,are the most studied in five categories,and followed by modern social culture of Hunan and change background.This study has three findings based on the analysis.Firstly,the attention of the Shiwu Academy is closely related to the educational economic and social development background.Around the founding period of PRC,China's various undertakings were abandoned,a handful of papers were issued.Ten years of the Cultural Revolution makes the education stagnant,and the study on Academy was also an abrupt end.After the reform and opening up,the work of all aspects including education re-entered the track,the number of literatures was increasing and basically remained stable.Since then,the number of literatures had three 'inverted U' trends with about ten years for the cycle.After 2016,the number of literatures may enter the next upstage of ' inverted U'.Secondly,the characters are the main research object,that shows the contribution of the Shiwu Academy to the development of social progress and education.The characters,especially the founders,teachers and students of the Shiwu Academy like Liang Qichao,Tan Si Tong,Chen Baozhen,Tang Caichang,Xiong Xiling,Huang Zunxian,Cai E,Chen Sanli,are educators as well as reformers and industrialists.The Shiwu Academy not only promoted the development of education,but also promoted social innovation,while driving the development of industry and commerce.The other people related to the Shiwu Academy were also involved in the reform of the new movement and the revolution of 1911,which has made outstanding contributions to the development of the Shiwu Academy and the development and progress of the society.Thirdly,the content of the literatures reflects the important influence of the Shiwu Academy on modern social change and educational development.The establishment of the Shiwu Academy was an important part of the reform movement in Hunan,provided talents for the social transformation and constitutional reform and modernization.Moreover,the Academy facilitated the realization of transformation from the old school system to the new in Hunan,which has exerted a profound influence on education thought and education system in terms of teaching methods and academic development.In recent decades,scholars' various study of the Shiwu Academy clearly showed its influence on the development of modern society and education.