明清时期福州地方政府机构与琉球进贡

The Local Government in Fuzhou and Tributary from Ryukyu in Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期,在中琉两国五百余年的交往过程中,明清中央政府均实行积极的"厚往薄来"的"封贡政策",对琉球国使团礼遇有加。福州是官方指定的中琉交往的唯一口岸,为保障琉球进贡活动顺利进行且不失礼仪规范,福州政府机构各司其职、互相配合、互相监督,形成较为完备的"封贡事务管理体系"。闽安镇巡检司、福建市舶司、闽海关作为福州政府机构中的代表机关,肩负起统筹琉球朝贡诸事务的重任,在中琉两国五百余年友好往来历史上发挥着举足轻重的作用。

In Ming and Qing dynasties,both two central government carried out the positive tributary policy of ＂giving more and getting less＂ and respected the mission from Ryukyu during over 500 years of the communication between these two countries.Fuzhou was authorized as the only one port for the communication between China and Ryukyu.To guarantee the tributary activity went smoothly with etiquette,each department in Fuzhou performed its own functions,cooperated with others and supervised others,forming a well-established tributary management system.As the representative departments in government,Xun Jian Si of Min＇an town,the department of Shi Bo Si of Fujian and Maritime Customs of Fujian undertook the responsibility to plan tributary event from Ryukyu and played an important role in the communication between two countries.