铜仁市珍珠豆型地方品种花生品质性状分析

The Analysis on Quality Traits of the Local Spanish Peanut Varieties in Tongren

为了深入研究铜仁市珍珠豆型花生地方品种资源,为花生亲本的利用和品质育种提供科学依据,本研究利用近红外分析仪Perten DA7250对铜仁市136个珍珠豆型花生地方品种资源的粗蛋白、含油量、油酸、亚油酸、总氨基酸、苯丙氨酸、蛋氨酸、二十四烷酸、花生酸、精氨酸、赖氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸、山嵛酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、硬脂酸、棕榈酸、组氨酸等含量共20个品质性状进行检测分析。结果表明:不同地方品种之间品质性状差异较大,变异系数在3.05%~20.78%之间。其中蛋氨酸含量的变异系数最大,含油量变异系数最小;得到一些粗蛋白含量、油酸含量、总氨基酸含量较高的优异材料;采用系统聚类分析得出,在欧氏距离为10时可将136份铜仁市珍珠豆型地方花生品种划分为四大类群。

We detected and analyzed the crude protein content, oil content and amino acids content of 136 Spanish peanut varieties in Tongren by using the infrared analyzer DA7250. The results showed that there was significant difference among the quality traits of different local varieties, and the coefficient of variation was between 3.05% and 20.78%, in which the coefficient of variation of the methionine content was the largest while the coefficient of variation of the oil content was the smallest. We screened out some excellent materials that with high crude protein content, oleic acid content, total amino acids content by comparing with each other. We also worked out that the 136 local pea- nut varieties could be classified into 4 taxa at Euclidean distance of 10 by using system cluster analysis.