从“双基”到“三维目标”,再到“核心素养”——新中国成立以来语文学科教学目标述评

From “Double Base” to “Three-Dimensional Target”,to “Key Competency”——A Review of the Teaching Objectives of Chinese Subject Since the Founding of China

语文"双基"重视语文基础知识传授与语文基本技能训练,但也会导致知识灌输、纯技术训练,忽视情感态度价值观教育的倾向。语文三维目标的提出,着眼于人的全面发展,期望在过程中掌握方法,获取知识,形成能力,培养情感态度价值观,促进学生语文素养的全面提升,但在实际操作中,也存在着忽视三维目标是个整体,将其割裂为并列的三类目标或三项目标,以及过于强调情感态度价值观的问题。语文学科核心素养的提出,意味着课程观和教学观的转变:课程即问题、教学即研究,落实了"立德树人"的根本要求,适应了教育改革的时代和国际潮流。

The ＂double base＂ attaches importance basic skills training, but it may lead to the tendency to the basic knowledge of Chinese teaching and that knowledge indoctrination, purely technical training, neglect of education in emotional attitudes and values. Three-dimensional goal focus on the overall development of people, and it expect the students master the method in the learning process, acquiring knowledge, fostering ability, shaping emotional values and promoting students＇ overall competency. But in practice three-dimensional goal splits the whole goal into three types of goals or three goals, and they emphasis emotional attitudes and values too much. Key competency of the Chinese subject means the changes of the curriculum view and the teaching view. the curriculum is the problem, the teaching is the research. It fulfilled the basic requirement of the ＂ Morality Education＂ , and conformed to the time and international trend of the education reform.